| Our double metal ionizer at http://www.biophysica.com/ioniser.htm
is specially designed to control the ratio of Copper and Silver in the
water.
Goldfish (Carassius auratus)
Fish Technical References at http://www.dataguru.org/misc/aquarium/FishInfo.html
Goldfish and Aquarium Board Articles at http://thegab.org/Articles/GoldfishNutrition1.html
pH/KH: 7.5-8.3 (Optimal range)/ 120-300ppm
If pH is lower (more acidic), it will have a tendency to slip down over time. If pH gets down to 6, it can be deadly for fish and for the bacteria that keep
the water healthy. The pH of blood is around 7.4 and there is only a layer of two of cells between the fish's blood and the water. Rapid swings in pH or extreme pH can cause the blood to get too alkaline or too acidic.
Symptoms include: irritation, flashing, frayed fins
Treatment:
Partial water changes will help to maintain pH if your water is well buffered
(KH around 120ppm).
Baking soda can also be used to raise pH by raising KH. pH should be raised slowly, no more than .4 per day.
Predissolve baking soda in tank water and add slowly to a high water flow area. Here is a calculator that will help you figure out how much baking soda to use.
Crushed oyster shells or crushed coral placed inside a media container of mesh bag in a high water flow area will also help maintain pH. They dissolve when pH falls below 7.5
Ammonia: should be 0ppm
Nitrite: should be 0ppm
General hardness (GH): 100-200ppm (optimal) ie Not too soft
Prime is a complete conditioner for
freshwater use that removes chlorine, chloramine, and detoxifies ammonia
and nitrite. Converts ammonia, nitrites and nitrates into a food source
for your GOOD bacteria to thrive on. It also provides essential ions and
stimulates NATURAL slime coat. It will also detoxify any heavy metals
found in the tap water at typical concentration levels. www.goldfishconnection.com
or send an e-mail to rick@goldfishconnection.com
or call Rick Hess at (814) 866-2412.
References and Links:
"Effect of Temperature on Copper Toxicity, Accumulation and
Purification in Tropical Fish Juveniles" by Lemus, M.J. and Chung K.S.
in Caribbean J. of Science, Vol 35, No 1-2, 64-69, 1999 at http://www.uprm.edu/publications/cjs/Vol35a/p.64-69.pdf
Contact:
Biophysica Inc., Toronto, Ont, Canada
Technical Support Hotline, Phone: (905) 827-9448 (10am
to 10pm EST)
e-mail: info@biophysica.com
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